1.What is the Civil War?
Answer:
After the election of Abraham Lincoln to the presidency in 1860, the states of the southern United States broke away from the federal union because they believed that Lincoln would restrict their rights to own slaves, Southerners refused the peace talk. President Lincoln and the North opposed the South’s withdrawal. At end in order not to be a new nation to the world,the president steadfastly maintained throughout the war to solve the problem.Despite Lincoln’s hopes that the secession would end without conflict, the two regions fought a war that exploited the advantages and opportunities that each held over the other before their differences could be resolved.
North: advantage: (1) Nothern population was several times that of the South, a potential source for military enlistees and civilian manpower.
(2) The North had a better transportation network, mainly highways, canals, and railroads, which could be easily used to resupply military forces in the field.
(3) At sea, the Union navy was more capable and dominant, while the army was better trained and better supplied.
(4) The rest of the world also recognized the United States as a legitimate government, allowing U.S. diplomats to obtain loans and other trade concessions.
disadvantage:(1) The North suffered because a series of senior generals did not successfully exploit the weaknesses of the South, nor did they act upon the suggestions of their commander-in-chief
South: advantage(1) The South was able to fight on its home terrain, and it could win the war simply by continuing to exist after the hostilities ended later.
(2) The South had a military tradition that encouraged young men to serve in the armed forces or attend a military school.
(3) The South had the leadership of great commanders, including Robert E. Lee, Joseph Johnston, and “Stonewall” Jackson.
disadvantage: (1) The South lacked the substantial number of factories and industries of the North that produced needed war materials.
(2) The South had to worry about its slave population, which posed the threat of rebellion and assistance to the Northern cause.
